| 1. | Roughened nuptial pads on the male's hands aid in retaining grip.
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| 2. | Breeding males have dark nuptial pads on their thumbs.
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| 3. | They have acute hearing but no vocal sac, and also lack nuptial pads.
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| 4. | The males have a type-I nuptial pad; the prepollex is concealed.
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| 5. | Males of this species develop nuptial pads on their thumb bases during the breeding season.
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| 6. | Male " Micrixalus herrei " have a single vocal sac and a nuptial pad on the first finger.
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| 7. | The males have a type-I nuptial pad; the prepollex stands out at the base of the first finger.
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| 8. | The males develop black, rough nuptial pads on their thumbs during the breeding season, which occurs during spring through to late summer.
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| 9. | During breeding season, the males develop ridge-like nuptial pads ( black in color ) on their fingers to aid in grasping the female.
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| 10. | Both genera also have dorsal skin composed of small, flat, pliable ( not keratinized ) warts, and lack nuptial pads in adult males.
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